Mathematician
Whitehead, Alfred North. Dialogues of Alfred North Whitehead, edited by Lucien Price. David. R. Godine, 2008, ch. 22. Originally from dialogue with Lucien Price, 30 Aug. 1941.
On Charles Babbage's vision for a rudimentary computer.
King, Augusta Ada. Scientific Memoirs: Selected from the Transactions of Foreign Academies of science and Learned Societies and from Foreign Journals. Vol. 3, London: R. and J. E. Taylor, 1843.
Poincare, Henri. La science et l'hypothese [Science and Hypothesis]. Flammarion, 1902, introduction.
Poincare, Henri. Science and Hypothesis: The Complete Text, translated by Melanie Frappier, Andrea Smith and David J. Stump, edited by Melanie Frappier and David J. Stump. Bloomsbury Academic, 2022, preface.
Newton, Isaac. Scholium Generale. [General Scolium]. Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica [The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy] vol. 2. London: Benjamin Motte, 1729.
Newton, Isaac. "General Scolium." The Principia, translated by Andrew Motte. Prometheus, 1995.
Newton, Isaac. A New and Most Accurate Theory of the Moon's Motion. London: A. Baldwin, 1702.
Descartes, René [published anonymously]. Discours de la Méthode: Pour bien conduire sa raison, et chercher la vérité dans les sciences [Discourse on Method: To Conduct Reason Well, and Seek Truth in the Sciences]. Leiden, 1637, pt. 1.
Descartes, René. Discourse on the Method, translated by Ian Maclean. Oxford University Press, 2008, pt. 1.
Descartes, René. Meditationes de Prima Philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstratur [Meditations on First Philosophy, in which the existence of God and the immortality of the soul are demonstrated]. Paris, 1641, third meditation.
Descarte, René. "Meditations on First Philosophy." Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy, translated by Donald A. Cress. Hackett Publishing, 1999, third meditation.
Newton, Isaac. Opticks: or, A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light. London: Samuel Smith and Benjamin Walford, 1704, bk. 3, pt. 1, question 28.
Newton, Isaac. Opticks. Dover Publications, 2012, bk. 3, pt. 1, question 28.
Georges Louis Leclerc de Buffon
On horses.
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc. "Le Cheval [The Horse]." Histoire Naturelle generale et particuliere, avec la description du Cabinet du Roi [Natural History, General and Particular, with a Description of the King's Cabinet]. Vol. 4, c. 1753.
Clifford, William Kingdon. "The Ethics of Belief." Contemporary Review, 1877.
Clifford, William Kingdon. "The Ethics of Belief." The Ethics of Belief and Other Essays. Prometheus, 1999.
Whitehead, Alfred North. "Process and Reality: An Essay in Cosmology." Gifford Lecture. 1927–1928, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Whitehead, Alfred North. Process and Reality. Simon and Schuster, 2010, pt. 2, ch. 1, sec. 1.
Whitehead, Alfred North. "Religion and Science." Lowell lecture. Feb. 1925, Phillips Brooks House, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jeans, James. The Mysterious Universe. Cambridge University Press/Macmillan, 1930, ch. 5.
An Introduction to Mathematics
Whitehead, Alfred North. An Introduction to Mathematics. Henry Holt and Company/Williams and Norgate, 1911, ch. 5.
Poincare, Henri. Science et methode [Science and Method]. Flammarion, 1914, bk. 1, ch. 3.
Hardy, G. H. A Mathematician's Apology. Cambridge University Press, 1940.
Newton, Isaac. Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica [The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy], vol. 1. London: Josephi Streater, 1687, preface.
Newton, Isaac. The Principia, translated by Andrew Motte. Prometheus, 1995, the author's preface.
Newton, Isaac. "Rules for Methodising/Construing the Apocalyps." Untitled Treatise on Revelation, c. 1680, rule 9.
Descartes, René [published anonymously]. Discours de la Méthode: Pour bien conduire sa raison, et chercher la vérité dans les sciences [Discourse on Method: To Conduct Reason Well, and Seek Truth in the Sciences]. Leiden, 1637, pt. 1.
Descartes, René. Discourse on the Method, translated by Ian Maclean. Oxford University Press, 2008, pt. 1.